DECRYPT · 2026-11-12 20:36 UTC

Why the Path to Quantum Resistance Runs Uphill for Bitcoin Wallet Makers

SHRINCS, a leading post-quantum signature candidate proposed by Jonas Nick and Mikhail Kudinov, lets users sign with either stateful or stateless signatures. Stateless signatures are large and can affect fees and speed but are safe to reuse; stateful signatures are about 10 times smaller but reveal enough key material to forge signatures if a one-time key is reused. Trezor CTO Tomáš Sušánka says wallets would need to track state securely, is considering making stateless signatures the default, and notes hardware devices also need post-quantum firmware authentication.

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